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P.T.C.
System
DAVID
Process
and
GASWASH
Process
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P.T.C. - The sustainable decontamination
system
The
emission of air pollutants is regulated by law because of
their negative impact, including on human health, biological
resources, ecosystems and climate.
These
pollutants may be Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), Volatile
Inorganic Compounds (VICs) and / or greenhouse gases.
Global
VOCs emissions were estimated at around 1 billion tonnes
in the year 2000. 90% of them come from natural sources
(biological fermentations, natural gas leaks) and 10% from
anthropogenic sources (from human activities).
Emissions
of natural origin are evenly distributed over the surface
of the Earth. On the other hand, anthropogenic emissions
come mainly from industrialized countries.
VOCs
can cause eye and throat irritation, allergies, headaches,
asthma attacks, nausea, etc.
Some
VOCs also play an important role in the troposphere, leading
to an increase in the amount of ozone in the air. Ozone
is produced inter alia from nitrogen dioxide under the effect
of solar radiation. The formed ozone then reacts with nitric
oxide to produce nitrogen dioxide. But, in the presence
of VOCs, the previous cycle is modified by the carbon radicals
(strong oxidants) which replace ozone during the reaction
of formation of nitrogen dioxide, which leads to an increase
in the amount of ozone.
The
increase in the amount of ozone, with its consequences for
the environment and health, is therefore partly linked to
the release of VOCs.
In addition, greenhouse gas concentrations in the Earth's
atmosphere have been increasing since the 19th century for
mainly anthropogenic reasons, with a new record in 2014
according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
The
increase in the main greenhouse gases is mainly due to certain
human activities, including the massive use of fossil fuels
(coal, oil).
Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (which accounts
for nearly 70% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions)
and methane, are not necessarily directly dangerous to humans,
biological resources and ecosystems, but their emissions
are at the origin of global warming, a phenomenon which
has, in turn, many negative consequences for man and his
environment.
In
this context, the treatment of gaseous effluents, wastewater
and sludge, as well as the recovery of domestic organic
residues, industrial and agricultural, are of interest from
a political, economic and environmental point of view. As
regards the treatment of gaseous effluents, conventional
processes use in particular oxidants, such as bleach. However,
these oxidizing washing methods have the major disadvantage
of generating in the rejects oxidation by-products themselves
polluting and sometimes very strongly smelly. In addition,
these oxidants are unstable and their handling is dangerous.
Concerning
the valorization of domestic, industrial and agricultural
organic residues, the integration of biogas in the French
energy landscape allows in particular a consequent reduction
of the greenhouse gases rejected. Said biogas is a fuel
gas obtained by fermentation, also called methanization,
of organic waste of animal or vegetable origin in the absence
of oxygen, which mainly comprises methane and carbon dioxide.
Since the impact on the greenhouse effect of methane is
20 to 25 times greater than that of carbon dioxide, it is
preferable to use biogas as a source of renewable energy
rather than reject it at the atmosphere.
Recent
fluctuations in the costs of importing fossil fuels, in
a context of dwindling fossil fuels, have also positively
influenced the renewed economic interest in energy production
from biogas.
Biogas
is valued in different ways. It can, after a light treatment,
be upgraded near the production site to provide heat, electricity
or a mixture of both (the high carbon dioxide content reduces
the calorific value of the biogas, increases the costs of
compression and transport and therefore limits the economic
value of upgrading biogas away from the production site).
Biogas can also be purified to allow wider use. In particular,
the biogas can be subjected to a purification and increase
its methane content (in particular by removal of CO2) to
produce a gas comparable to natural gas. The biogas thus
purified and enriched is called biomethane, and has a calorific
value equivalent to that of natural gas.
The
purified biogas is also the precursor of the biohydrogen
obtained by steam cracking. Indeed, the research of the
last ten years on the subject have highlighted the disadvantages
of VOCs and in some cases siloxanes, present in biogas,
on the conduct of energy exploitation facilities.
Whatever
the recovery method used, the presence of these compounds
at concentrations of the order of a few ppm constitutes
a risk of premature degradation of the installations, as
well as a depreciation of the energy recovery yields of
the biogas. For example, in the case of using biogas as
a motor fuel, it is necessary to remove the siloxane compounds
because, oxidized at high temperatures, the siloxanes form
silica deposits that can seriously damage the equipment.
It
has now been developed and patented PTC System, a method
of purifying gaseous compositions, liquid or aerosol form
advantageously to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
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What is the technology of this new patent ?
Innovation
is based on the use of an original formulation, without
oxidant, which acts on the pollutant by transforming
it into bio-available organic compound. This formulation
is based on a well known molecule used in chemistry
since the 19th century for the synthesis of various
specialties. The use of this molecule in the areas we
are interested in is the key to the process which represents
a very important advance in technical and economic terms.
The
P.T.C. system is a newly patented technology for the
purification of gaseous, liquid or vesicular aerosols
containing pollutants harmful to health and the environment
or simply malodorous.
- The
pollutants are Volatile Inorganic Compounds (CIV)
- CO2,
COS, NOx, halogenohydric acids, H2S, SO2, SOCl2,
SO2Cl2, etc...
- The
pollutants are Functional Volatile Organic Compounds
(COV)
-
amine, amide, nitrile, aldéhyde, cétone, ester,
carboxylic acid, alcool, thiol, disulfide, thioester,
halogenated organic compounds, phosgene and hydrocyanic
acid, etc.
This
innovative "One-pot" process consists in capturing gaseous
pollutants in a physicochemical treatment whose liquid
effluents are subsequently digested by the aerobic bio-purification
process in the treatment plant.
(A)
Simultaneous
process of absorption (capture) and organic chemical
modification of Functional Volatile Compounds
(organic and inorganic).
This operation is carried out in a single operation
on a collection installation by physicochemical washing..
(B) The
final destruction of capture products after the simultaneous
chemical uptake and modification process
This ultimate operation (B) is carried out in a biological
treatment plant. The organic compounds present and formed
During the condensation reaction are digested by the
process of natural aerobic bio-purification of the purification
plant.
The
originality of the process resides firstly in the choice
of the reagent which combines with the pollutants to
be treated and secondly in the final natural destruction
in the wastewater treatment plant, which does not generate
any new gaseous pollution.
This
purification system is unique in its design and applications.
It makes it possible to distinguish itself from the
competition and to improve the productivity of the collection
/ treatment installations, as much as its economic
balance sheet is advantageous.
The
new patent takes up the existing patent of the
DAVID process (Process for the purification of gaseous
or liquid effluents containing sulfur derivatives) for
which it constitutes an improvement.
PTC System is therefore
part of this new concept of Sustainable Development
for the purification of biogas.
In a period particularly conducive to the development
of alternative energies to fossil fuels, the prospect
of integrating bio-energies
into the French energy landscape is of interest from
a political, economic and environmental point of view.
In
fact, the valorization of domestic, industrial and agricultural
organic residues or the treatment of wastewater meet
the notions of sustainable development and renewable
energy, clearly explained in recent international agreements
and commitments.
The
environmental impact of the implementation of biogas
recovery channels results in a significant reduction
in the greenhouse gas emissions.
Recent
fluctuations in the costs of importing fossil fuels
have also positively influenced the renewed economic
interest in energy production from biogas, whether directly
in the form of high purity methane gas. or in the form
of electricity.
Anaerobic digestion and biogas upgrading with PTC System
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The
valorization of biogas
Consisting mainly of methane and carbon dioxide,
the biogas is efficiently recovered in biomethane
by purification processes.
This technique, called anaerobic digestion, is
caused in digesters, during the treatment of household
waste, industrial or agricultural waste and sewage
sludge.
Biogas, resulting from the fermentation of this
waste, is a source of renewable energy that after
purification can replace natural gas of fossil
origin.
Farmers, industrialists and local authorities
thus treat their waste while enhancing their energy
and economic potential. The GASWASH purification
solution enables the valorization of all biogas
for injection into the natural gas network, the
production of vehicle fuel (gaseous or liquid
biomethane) or the production of renewable hydrogen
after reforming the biomethane.
Advanced
purification technology using the GASWASH technique
In order to transform biogas into a substitute
for natural gas, it must be rid of all pollutants.
The GASWASH process offers a technical solution
that today allows biogas producers to use it effectively
in biomethane through its purification process.
The technology used makes it possible to eliminate
carbon dioxide (recyclable CO2) sustainably, and
to eliminate in the same operation N2, O2, H2O,
H2S, NH3, siloxanes,
organochlorines or organofluorines.
The
hydrogen sector, based on anaerobic digestion,
should logically find its place in the near future.
http://www.innovalor.fr/biogaz-biomethane.htm
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The
GASWASH process allows a biomethane production cost
that is 3 times cheaper than the competition and therefore
reduces the cost difference between fossil-based methane
and biomethane for incorporation into the network. On
the other hand, the GASWASH process technology allows
extremely simple biogas purification equipment whose
investment cost is incommensurate with the currently
existing processes.
The advantages
of this new technology
The
capture and purification by this process, applies as
well in the case of pure gases, that in mixture between
them. This process applies to all the volatile functional
or volatile organic volatile compounds encountered in
chemistry and which are captured in the gas washing
reaction medium.
On the other hand, neutral substances (air, nitrogen,
biogas, natural gas, methane, butane, propane, etc.)
are not captured but purified The PTC System, from which
the GASWASH process is derived, has a selective character
with respect to these substances, but it is universal
with respect to chemical compounds comprising conventional
polluting functions. (Read
more)
This
system is currently the only known to permanently eliminate
CO2 and can be recycled
in the industrial sector . Each m 3 of biogas from
anaerobic digestion was used to prevent the release
into the atmosphere of 2.3 kg of carbon
dioxide (CO2) responsible for global warming.
However,
it must be borne in mind that each m 3 of biogas produced
always contains between 20 and 40% of CO 2, ie between
3 kg and 6 kg which are finally released into the atmosphere,
or during biomethane purification. by competing techniques,
either in the use of biogas without purification. An
anaerobic digestion unit of 2 MW electricity, by the
principle of methanisation, thus makes it possible to
avoid the emission of approximately 9,000 t CO2 in the
atmosphere.
It should be noted that this same methanisation unit
of 2 MW, which consumed about 4 Mm3 of biogas, still
emitted between 800 and 1,600 t of CO2 in the atmosphere
depending on the nature of the methanised substances.
This
new technology obtained an utility certificate early
in 2017
This
new PTC System technology falls into two main areas:
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Industry
& Odors
- Sector of petrochemical industry,
- Sector of refining,
- Sector of Iron and steel industry, foundries,
- Sector Oil and Gas Waste Processing Industries,
- Sector of mineral chemical industries: production of sulfuricacid
and titanium oxide,
- Sector of organic chemistry,
- Sector of Fine Chemicals,
- Sector paper industries,
- Sector agro-food industries,
- Sector materials industries,
See an application of gaseous emissions
(VIC and VOC)
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Sustainable
Development
- Sector
of urban and industrial sewage treatment plant,
- Sector
of bio-deodorization units,
- Sector
of agricultural methanisation units,
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Sector of the methanisation units of STEP,
- Sector
of designers and manufacturers of gas washing
columns,
- Sector
of designers and builders of sewage treatment
plants,
- Sector
of designers and manufacturers of methanisation
units,
- Sector
of territorial bodies (region, département,
agglomerations, communities of communes and
communes)
- Sector
of small units of industrial sewage treatment
plants,
See
an application of biogas purification
(Bio-methane)
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The
sustainable phase-out of pollutants
The
sheet for the calculation of pollutants
See what
are the benefits of this new technology ?
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More
on P.T.C. System
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Valorisation
